Many visitors to Costa Rica worry about snakes. According to National Geographic there are 130 different types of snakes in Costa Rica, making it a snake lover’s paradise. Only 17 of these snakes are venomous. Fortunately few visitors to Costa Rica ever see a snake, as they don’t like people and they like to hide.
While experts will detail the difference between venomous and non-venomous snakes, an inexperienced tourist might find some difficulties with the distinctions. There are lots of rules but with most the rules, there are exceptions. I would recommend that if you are not experienced with snakes to handle them only with an expert. There are many excellent serpentariums in Costa Rica to view and learn more about snakes.
There are some things one can do in Costa Rica, or pretty much anywhere, to prevent the risk of snakebites. When you go hiking in forested areas, wear high rubber or leather boots and avoid going places where you can’t clearly see the forest floor. Don’t stick your hands in holes or lift rocks with your hands. If you really need to turn over something, like a rock, do it with a stick or other tool. If you go walking at night, take a flashlight.
I have read a number of different things that one should do if they are bitten by a snake. But different experts say different and sometimes conflicting things. The best thing one can do is to clearly identify the snake that bit you and get to a medical facility as quickly as possible. (Some experts recommend killing the snake and taking the head and several inches with you to allow an expert to identify it – but don’t waste valuable time finding the snake or risk a second bite.) Keep the victim calm. Even if it is a venomous bite, there is time to get to a medical facility.
The Clodomiro Picado Institute which is part of the University of Costa Rica makes much of the antivenin used in Central America, so the deaths from snake bites are extremely low. They produce anti-venoms from over 200 snakes, including the fer-de-lance. Almost all clinics have antivenin as do vets and many farmers. Call 9-1-1 or in remote locations ask a local.
